日韩精品欧美专区,国产v综合v亚洲欧美久久,jizz性欧美2,国产精品色婷婷

Ask the Experts: Cholera

Results (10)

The FDA-licensed cholera vaccine CVD 103-HgR (Vaxchora, by Emergent BioSolutions) is currently unavailable in the United States. The manufacturer temporarily halted production in December 2020. CDC published ACIP recommendations for its use in September 2022, available at www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/rr/rr7102a1.htm.

CVD 103-HgR is recommended for travelers ages 2–64 years old going to areas of active toxigenic?Vibrio cholerae?O1 transmission. Criteria for “active” cholera transmission for a given country and a table classifying countries according to transmission levels are found at wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/cholera-travel-information.

Vaccination against cholera is not routinely recommended because cholera is rare in travelers and most travelers do not visit areas of active transmission. However, disease is more likely to occur in travelers who may have limited access to safe food and water in outbreak settings, including outbreak response workers. Clinicians should consider these factors in addition to the level of cholera transmission in the destination country, length of stay, patient’s age and history of pre-existing medical conditions, and the availability of intravenous hydration when assessing a traveler’s risk for cholera infection and the need for vaccination. Other WHO-prequalified cholera vaccines not licensed in the United States may be available in the destination country.

All travelers to cholera-affected areas should follow safe food and water precautions and proper sanitation and personal hygiene measures as primary prevention strategies against cholera infection. Travelers who develop severe diarrhea should promptly seek medical attention for rehydration therapy.

Last reviewed: August 21, 2023

Other oral cholera vaccines have been prequalified by the World Health Organization (WHO). These vaccines are not available in the United States and ACIP has not provided recommendations on use of these vaccines. To learn more about these vaccines, visit the World Health Organization Cholera Vaccines page: www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cholera.

For further information from CDC about cholera vaccines and preventing cholera, visit www.cdc.gov/cholera/prevention/cholera-vaccines.html and wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/cholera-travel-information.

Last reviewed: August 21, 2023

ACIP has not made recommendation related to revaccination or booster doses with the FDA-licensed oral cholera vaccine, CVD 103-HgR. As more information becomes available, CDC will update its recommendations accordingly.

Last reviewed: August 21, 2023

With one exception, you do not need to consider the timing of this vaccine relative to other vaccines. According to CDC’s “General Best Practice Guidelines for Immunization”, concerns about spacing between doses of live vaccines not given at the same visit applies only to live injectable or intranasal vaccines. The one exception is administration of Ty21a oral typhoid vaccine and oral cholera vaccine. The CVD 103-HgR buffer might interfere with the enteric-coated Ty21a formulation. For this reason, ACIP recommends that the cholera vaccine should be administered at least 8 hours before ingesting the first dose of Ty21a vaccine.

Last reviewed: August 21, 2023

Antibiotics administered before or after receiving the CVD 103-HgR vaccine might diminish the effectiveness of the vaccine because the immune response to the vaccine relies on the live attenuated vaccine organisms replicating within the small intestine. We do not know what the optimal interval is between receipt of antibiotics and the Vaxchora vaccine. CDC refers clinicians to the package insert which specifies that CVD 103-HgR should not be given to patients who have received oral or parenteral antibiotics during the preceding 14 days. A duration of fewer than 14 days between stopping antibiotics and giving CVD 103-HgR might be acceptable under certain circumstances, such as if travel cannot be avoided during that 14-day interval.

The package insert, however, does not specify an optimal minimum duration between the completion of CVD 103-HgR vaccination and starting antibiotics. In certain circumstances, antibiotics might be clinically necessary after the vaccine (to treat an unrelated infection), thus clinical discretion is recommended.

Last reviewed: August 21, 2023

Chloroquine might diminish the immune response to CVD 103-HgR. The vaccine manufacturer, Emergent BioSolutions, recommends that CVD 103-HgR be administered 10 days or more before starting chloroquine. Doxycycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, is often used for malaria prophylaxis. The manufacturer does not recommend administration of the vaccine with oral antibiotics and does not recommend administering CVD 103-HgR to a person within 14 days prior to vaccination. The optimal duration between completion of CVD 103-HgR and then starting doxycycline is unknown.

Last reviewed: August 21, 2023

Two or more injectable or nasally administered live vaccines not administered on the same day should be separated by at least 4 weeks to minimize the potential risk for interference. If two such vaccines are separated by less than 4 weeks, the second vaccine administered should not be counted and the dose should be repeated at least 4 weeks later. Alternatively, one can perform serologic testing to check for immunity, but this option may be more costly, may not be practical if multiple antigens are involved (such as measles, mumps and rubella), and may provide results that are difficult to interpret.

In cases where the vaccine doses given less than 28 days apart are two doses of the same live vaccine in a series (e.g., 2 doses of MMR vaccine), not different vaccines, you do not need to repeat the second dose if it was inadvertently administered within the 4-day “grace period” before day 28. If given more than 4 days earlier than day 28, the second dose should be repeated after the recommended minimum interval from the invalid dose.

The oral vaccines Ty21a typhoid, cholera and rotavirus vaccines can be administered on the same day with or at any interval before or after other live vaccines (injectable or intranasal). However, ACIP recommends that oral cholera vaccine should be administered before Ty21a vaccine, and at least 8 hours should separate the oral cholera vaccine and the first dose of Ty21a in order to minimize the risk that the oral cholera vaccine buffer might interfere with the enteric coating of the oral Ty21a vaccine.

Last reviewed: June 6, 2023

In general, no. According to ACIP’s “General Best Practice Guidelines for Immunization”, concerns about spacing between doses of live vaccines not given at the same visit applies only to live injectable or intranasal vaccines. So, live oral cholera vaccine may be administered simultaneously with another vaccine, or at any interval before or after administration of another vaccine. There is one exception: ACIP recommends (based upon expert opinion) that live oral cholera vaccine should be administered at least 8 hours before the first dose of live oral Ty21a typhoid vaccine in order to minimize the risk that the oral cholera vaccine buffer might interfere with the enteric coating of the oral Ty21a vaccine.

Last reviewed: June 6, 2023

Immunity is not considered lifetime, however, CDC does not currently have any recommendation related to revaccination with oral cholera vaccine. The duration of immunity beyond the 3-month period of clinical trial evaluation in people age 18 through 45 years following one dose is unknown. As more information becomes available, CDC will update its recommendations accordingly.

Last reviewed: June 6, 2023

In general, no. According to ACIP’s “General Best Practice Guidelines for Immunization”, concerns about spacing between doses of live vaccines not given at the same visit applies only to live injectable or intranasal vaccines. So live oral cholera vaccine may be administered simultaneously or at any interval before or after administration of most other vaccines. One exception is Ty21a oral typhoid vaccine (Vivotif, Emergent Travel Health) and oral cholera vaccine. Oral cholera vaccine should be administered before Ty21a vaccine, and at least 8 hours should separate the cholera vaccine and the first dose of Ty21a.

Last reviewed: December 28, 2022

This page was updated on .

日韩精品欧美专区,国产v综合v亚洲欧美久久,jizz性欧美2,国产精品色婷婷
亚洲男人的天堂av| 国产视频不卡一区| 精品国产乱码久久久久久影片| 国产午夜亚洲精品午夜鲁丝片| 麻豆精品视频在线观看| 国产精品99久久久久久久女警| 2023国产精品视频| 国产成人综合精品三级| 欧美日韩dvd在线观看| 在线观看日韩精品| 99v久久综合狠狠综合久久| 国产精品久久久久久久浪潮网站| 亚洲国产精品一区二区尤物区| 中文在线资源观看网站视频免费不卡| 韩国女主播成人在线观看| 国产精品久久毛片av大全日韩| 亚洲日穴在线视频| 欧美日韩三级一区| 91免费国产在线| 精品久久久久久亚洲综合网| 国产真实乱子伦精品视频| 日韩三级伦理片妻子的秘密按摩| 天堂蜜桃一区二区三区| 国产乱码精品一区二区三区五月婷| 久久精品二区亚洲w码| 中文字幕一区二区日韩精品绯色| 视频一区二区中文字幕| 国产精品二区一区二区aⅴ污介绍| 欧美日韩电影在线| 久久久精品免费免费| 亚洲三级视频在线观看| 国产精品1区2区3区| 91蜜桃传媒精品久久久一区二区| 99久久久无码国产精品| 成人黄色777网| 精品无人码麻豆乱码1区2区| 国产一区二区影院| 日韩视频一区二区三区| 国产无遮挡一区二区三区毛片日本| 亚洲综合在线电影| 国产精品欧美久久久久一区二区| 国产在线不卡视频| 丝袜美腿亚洲色图| 国产日产欧美一区二区视频| 亚洲五月六月丁香激情| eeuss鲁片一区二区三区在线看| 麻豆91免费看| 91精品国产色综合久久不卡蜜臀| 韩国精品主播一区二区在线观看| av午夜精品一区二区三区| 日韩一区在线看| 欧美岛国在线观看| 一本一道久久a久久精品综合蜜臀| 制服丝袜一区二区三区| 1区2区3区精品视频| 亚洲国产色一区| 777午夜精品免费视频| 欧美亚洲另类激情小说| 亚洲综合精品久久| 免费在线观看不卡| 亚洲大片免费看| 欧美猛男gaygay网站| 91麻豆精品国产91久久久久久久久| 欧美日韩电影在线| 亚洲精品久久嫩草网站秘色| 91啪亚洲精品| 国产精品99久久久久久久女警| 色老综合老女人久久久| 粉嫩嫩av羞羞动漫久久久| 在线看日本不卡| 亚洲精品欧美激情| 国产日韩欧美不卡在线| 国产日韩欧美综合在线| 蜜桃久久av一区| 国产麻豆精品一区二区| 久久久久久久久久久久久久久99| 91国模大尺度私拍在线视频| 波多野结衣欧美| 成人免费观看av| 亚洲成人午夜影院| 精品制服美女丁香| 午夜视频久久久久久| 91精品国产欧美日韩| 日韩精品在线一区二区| 国产日本欧美一区二区| 日韩综合一区二区| 国产综合色精品一区二区三区| 国产精品久久久久婷婷| 亚洲国产精品二十页| 色哟哟亚洲精品| 欧洲激情一区二区| 亚洲精品中文字幕乱码三区| 国产乱码精品一区二区三| 免费成人在线视频观看| 高清成人在线观看| 久久久一区二区三区| 91精品在线麻豆| 亚洲综合自拍偷拍| 青青青伊人色综合久久| 日本大胆欧美人术艺术动态| 日本一区二区三区免费乱视频| 国产91精品露脸国语对白| 久久97超碰色| 久久青草国产手机看片福利盒子| 成人av资源在线| 亚洲精品一区二区三区精华液| 日韩一区二区三区四区五区六区| 欧美丰满美乳xxx高潮www| 91精品国产一区二区三区蜜臀| 久久天堂av综合合色蜜桃网| 奇米一区二区三区av| 欧美tickle裸体挠脚心vk| 欧美情侣在线播放| 欧美一区二区三区免费在线看| 日本一区二区三级电影在线观看| 美女任你摸久久| 亚洲va韩国va欧美va| 国产精品一二三在| 国产亚洲精品资源在线26u| 亚洲国产精品嫩草影院| 一区二区三区波多野结衣在线观看| 精品久久久久久久久久久久久久久| 日本一区二区免费在线| 91精品久久久久久久久99蜜臂| 亚洲国产激情av| 亚洲三级视频在线观看| 一本大道久久a久久综合婷婷| 成人av免费在线播放| 91高清视频在线| 成人免费不卡视频| heyzo一本久久综合| 国产精品正在播放| 丝袜美腿一区二区三区| 日韩免费观看2025年上映的电影| 专区另类欧美日韩| 国产欧美精品国产国产专区| 韩国视频一区二区| 亚洲国产精品久久久男人的天堂| 不卡的av在线| 欧美一区二区三区在线视频| 欧美激情在线免费观看| 亚洲一卡二卡三卡四卡无卡久久| 亚洲综合一区在线| 在线精品视频免费观看| www.欧美日韩国产在线| 免费成人你懂的| 4hu四虎永久在线影院成人| 中文字幕 久热精品 视频在线| 亚洲成人动漫在线观看| 一区二区三区欧美| 久久久亚洲精华液精华液精华液| 欧美日韩午夜在线| 日本道免费精品一区二区三区| 日韩一区二区三区视频| 日韩成人免费电影| 欧美日韩免费一区二区三区视频| 色乱码一区二区三区88| 日韩精品成人一区二区三区| 国产三级欧美三级日产三级99| 国产资源精品在线观看| 成人av在线播放网址| 亚洲成va人在线观看| 夜夜精品浪潮av一区二区三区| 一区二区三区在线免费| 久久先锋影音av鲁色资源| 在线这里只有精品| 精品一区二区在线看| 国产视频在线观看一区二区三区| 亚洲精品日韩综合观看成人91| 日韩精品一级二级| 99精品视频中文字幕| 99re8在线精品视频免费播放| 成人在线一区二区三区| 26uuuu精品一区二区| 免费在线欧美视频| 91麻豆自制传媒国产之光| 高清在线观看日韩| 成人美女视频在线观看18| 国产喷白浆一区二区三区| 日韩美女一区二区三区四区| 亚洲第一av色| 中文字幕一区二区三| 国产亚洲欧洲一区高清在线观看| 亚洲精品久久7777| 久久成人麻豆午夜电影| 精品粉嫩aⅴ一区二区三区四区| 91精品国产免费| 欧美男生操女生| 久久综合狠狠综合久久激情| 色综合久久久久综合99| 中文字幕日韩精品一区| 国产一区二区在线电影| 国产日韩精品一区二区浪潮av| 中文字幕亚洲成人| 2019国产精品| 色噜噜狠狠色综合中国| 欧美日韩综合在线免费观看| 欧美一区二区三区公司| 国产aⅴ精品一区二区三区色成熟| 国产精品丝袜久久久久久app|